Measurement and logging
Daily profile from several points at 1.1 m (seated work) and 1.7 m (standing work) to PN-EN ISO 7726, with continuous logging in the controls.
PRODUCTION HALL COOLING / DESIGN, INSTALLATION, SERVICE
Large space.
Precise response.
From 11 January 2027, the temperature in a production hall may not exceed 35 °C, and above 28 °C the employer must act. We design hall cooling starting from measurement in the occupied zone and a heat gain balance, not from a power-per-m² rule of thumb. One contract: measurements, concept, design, installation, controls, service.
Send an enquiry- Maximum in a workroom
- 35 °C from 11 January 2027 (§ 30a)
- Threshold for mandatory action
- 28 °C; 25 °C at energy expenditure > 1 500 kcal (men) / 1 000 kcal (women) per shift
- Stratification in an 8–12 m hall
- 5–10 K between the working zone and the roof
- Measurement height
- 1.1 m seated work / 1.7 m standing work (PN-EN ISO 7726)
- Direct adiabatic cooling
- 30 °C / 40% RH → supply air at 21–23 °C
- Hall projects
- over 100 projects, hundreds of upgrades in live operation
CLIMA LINE / ADIABATIC COOLER AND AIR HANDLING UNITS ON THE HALL ROOFSee the project
THE SOLUTION STARTS WITH THE PROCESS
The process heats the hall, not the weather.
A metalworking, plastics or glass hall runs 8–15 K warmer than outdoors, and the difference between the working zone and the space under the roof reaches 5–10 K. Hall cooling is a heat balance task, not an air conditioning one.
Heat gain balance
Process, lighting, people, solar gains through the roof and rooflights, and infiltration through gates, each assessed separately, showing which source to limit first.
Zoning and technology
The occupied zone up to 2–3 m instead of the whole volume; air handling units with chilled water cooling coils, adiabatic cooling, zone or spot cooling.
Delivery conditions
Roof load-bearing assessment, spare grid connection capacity, staging during shutdown windows, equipment lead times that can exceed ten weeks.
REQUIREMENT → PARAMETER → DELIVERY → PROOF
Parameters,
not promises.
Every requirement has a parameter, a delivery method and proof that can be checked after commissioning.
| Requirement | Parameter | How we deliver | How we prove it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Workroom temperature below the § 30a threshold | ≤ 28 °C, and ≤ 25 °C for heavy work, in the occupied zone | First limit heat gains, then cool the zone up to 2–3 m height; organisational measures as a plan for extreme days | Annual temperature chart from workstations in the BMS and a log of the controls’ response to exceedances |
| A measurement result that stands up to an inspector | Sensors at 1.1 / 1.7 m at workstations, not under the roof (27 °C against 34 °C) | Points at the most heat-loaded workstations, continuous logging; WBGT to PN-EN ISO 7243 for high physical exertion | Map of measurement points and a record from a full season |
| Cooling without adding moisture to a sensitive process | Constant humidity in paint shops, lamination and glass production | Air handling units with a chilled water cooling coil and a chiller, or indirect adiabatic cooling; direct adiabatic cooling ruled out | Temperature and humidity logging in the process zone |
| Low power consumption for a moisture-tolerant process | Supply air at 21–23 °C with 30 °C / 40% RH outdoors; at 70% RH only a few degrees of cooling | Evaporative coolers with organised exhaust; power consumption several times lower than a compressor system | Measurement of supply air temperature and hall humidity on humid days |
| Installation without stopping production | From a few weeks to more than ten weeks of works, in stages during shutdown windows | Staging, temporary changeover systems; roof assessment and connection capacity checked before the concept | Stage schedule agreed with production; hundreds of upgrades carried out in live operation |
What changes with § 30a from 11 January 2027?
From 11 January 2027, the temperature in a workroom may not exceed 35 °C, and in the open air during heavy work 32 °C; above these limits work may not be performed. Above 28 °C, and for energy expenditure over 1 500 kcal per shift for men and 1 000 kcal for women already above 25 °C, the employer must provide technical measures that lower the temperature or apply organisational measures. Legal basis: Polish OHS regulation § 30a (Regulation on general occupational health and safety rules, Journal of Laws Dz.U. 2026 item 927); the minimums of 14 °C and 18 °C under § 30 remain. Legal status: September 2026. A full description of thresholds, exemptions, consultation and sanctions is in our Polish language article on maximum working temperatures from 2027.
Energy expenditure moves the threshold down by 3 K, and in a hall that is often the difference between ventilation and mechanical cooling. The 25 °C threshold will cover manual loading and unloading, welding and metalwork, furnace and foundry operation, manual handling in high-bay warehouses and standing assembly with lifting; operator, control room and quality control workstations stay at 28 °C. The expenditure assessment (1 500 kcal = 6 280 kJ, 1 000 kcal = 4 187 kJ; Lehmann method or PN-EN ISO 8996) is carried out by the OHS service together with the occupational physician before the concept, and its result must be documented. Since 1996 the same threshold has set the entitlement to free preventive drinks. The 35 °C and 28 °C limits have an exception where technological reasons do not allow them to be kept; the ban on work applies to exceeding 35 °C due to weather conditions.
Where should temperature be measured in a hall?
In a hall 8–12 m high, the difference between the occupied zone and the space under the roof reaches 5–10 K: the same building at the same hour shows 27 °C or 34 °C depending on where the sensor is, and the regulation specifies neither the point nor the method of measurement. A defensible approach: measurement in the occupied zone (per PN-EN ISO 7726, about 1.1 m for seated and 1.7 m for standing work) at the most heat-loaded workstations, with continuous logging instead of a once-a-day thermometer reading.
For high energy expenditure, the measurement is supplemented by the WBGT index to PN-EN ISO 7243, which accounts for humidity and radiant heat. Logging is evidence: an annual temperature chart from workstations and a log of the controls’ response put a plant in a different position during an inspection than declarations do. A plant that already provides preventive drinks above 28 °C has documented exceedance of the new threshold: drink issue records and microclimate measurement reports will be the first documents the inspector asks for.
Which technology will lower the hall temperature, and where are its limits?
Mechanical ventilation with a chilled water cooling coil and a chiller is the only option that gives full control of temperature and humidity; the price is the highest investment and power consumption, and it needs space for the chiller, spare grid capacity and roof load capacity. Direct adiabatic cooling (evaporative coolers) uses several times less power and suits metalworking, warehouses and assembly; the limit is the wet-bulb temperature: at 30 °C and 40% RH the supply air is 21–23 °C, at 70% RH only a few degrees remain, and the system adds moisture to the hall and needs organised exhaust. Indirect adiabatic cooling (via a heat exchanger) does not add moisture to the hall; the price is lower efficiency, a higher cost and larger dimensions.
Zone cooling (fan coils, heating and cooling units, long-throw diffusers) gives the best ratio of effect to cost in high halls where several lines need cooling; it does not meet an obligation that covers the whole floor area. VRF and split systems serve control rooms, welfare rooms and operator cabins; in an open volume they end in high energy cost without effect. Spot cooling (local supply air, cooling curtains) works at furnaces, presses and moulds; it does not lower the temperature in the rest of the occupied zone.
Destratification and HVLS fans even out the temperature profile and improve perceived comfort; they do not lower air temperature and on their own do not satisfy § 30a section 3 point 1. Limiting heat gains (roof insulation and coatings, rooflight shading, gate curtains, insulation of hot equipment, extraction above heat sources) is the cheapest kilowatt of cooling and always the first step; it rarely suffices alone, but it lowers the required system capacity. Heat recovery and free cooling lower running costs when a compressor house or furnaces reject heat; they require supply and demand to match in time.
How do you choose the solution, and what drives the cost?
Six steps: measurement and logging over a full season; a heat gain balance broken down by source; an energy expenditure assessment of workstations, which decides between the 28 °C and the 25 °C threshold; zoning (volume, occupied zone, lines or workstations), a decision that changes the cost several times over; 2–3 options with annual energy cost, grid connection capacity, water use and service, because an installation 30% cheaper to buy can be more expensive over a 10-year cycle; controls with logging and on-demand reporting.
We do not quote a rate per m²: a 3 000 m² hall with a foundry and a 3 000 m² hall with assembly are two different tasks, and the cost spread for the same floor area can be several-fold. Cost is set by the capacity from the balance, zoning (the occupied zone instead of the whole volume cuts capacity and cost by half), technology (adiabatic cooling and chilled water are an order of magnitude apart) and the condition of the building. Mechanical cooling of a large hall means hundreds of kW of electrical power; we agree the spare capacity with the grid operator and commission the roof assessment at the start, because both take longer than installation, in many buildings the roof load capacity is already used up, and the condition of the existing ventilation and grid connection is the source of most unforeseen costs. We prepare the concept with an options comparison as a separate stage, before the purchasing decision.
Technical and organisational measures are not economically equivalent: an installation hits CAPEX once, while organisational measures hit production on every hot day. Shortening working time in hot weather means lost production capacity at the peak of the season: with shift work the loss is counted in production days per year; extra breaks and job rotation mean lower line efficiency, larger crews and a higher risk of errors; moving work to cooler hours means night allowances, restricted logistics and resistance from staff. With three-shift operation a technical solution usually pays back faster than the first calculation assumes; limiting heat gains remains the cheapest option, and gate curtains with control of gate opening times are usually the cheapest single improvement in a project.
What needs to be done before summer 2027?
The real deadline is the first heatwave in June 2027, not 11 January. Schedule: August and September 2026, measurements during the season; October and November 2026, balance, concept, roof assessment, grid connection capacity; December 2026 to February 2027, design and consultation with the OHS committee; March and April 2027, orders, because air handling unit and chiller lead times can exceed ten weeks; May and June 2027, installation during shutdown windows and start-up. The whole process takes 12–24 months; a plant that starts measuring in spring 2027 pushes the result back to the 2028 season.
Over 100 completed projects include air conditioning of the large HOBAS production hall, ventilation and fume extraction for the HAGS powder coating line, and temperature and humidity control in the curing zone. We have hundreds of upgrades and service jobs in operating facilities behind us, carried out in stages without halting production. The technical side of our projects is led by Dr Eng. Marcin Sompoliński, co-owner of Clima Line.
FROM BRIEF TO COMMISSIONING
A coherent design.
Clear next steps.
- 01
Measurement and balance
Season-long logging at 1.1/1.7 m height, energy expenditure assessment of workstations, heat gain balance broken down by source.
- 02
Concept and design
2–3 options with annual energy cost, roof assessment, grid connection capacity, consultation with the OHS committee, technical design.
- 03
Installation and verification
Stages during shutdown windows, commissioning, adjustment, logging of working zone temperatures through the first season.
BEFORE WE START
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